2000s

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"The significance of the September 11 attacks resides in the symbolic meaning of the buildings attacked. The World Trade Center represents American financial power and the Pentagon represents American military power." --Sholem Stein

"The superhero film genre experienced renewed and intense interest throughout the 2000s. Some attributed this increased popularity to the social and political climate in Western society since the September 11 attacks."--Sholem Stein

Photo from the Rendez-Vous Hotel series (2008) by Gert-Jan van den Bemd

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The 2000s (pronounced "two-thousands" or "twenty-hundreds") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 2000 and ended on December 31, 2009. Its single most marking event were the September 11 attacks of 2001.

The growth of the Internet contributed to globalization during the decade, which allowed faster communication among people around the world.

The economic growth of the 2000s had considerable social, environmental and mass extinction consequences, raised demand for diminishing energy resources, and was still vulnerable, as demonstrated by the financial crisis of 2007–08.

1 Music
- 1.1 Reunions
2 Film
3 See also

Music

In fact, the best-selling musical artist of the decade was the American rapper Eminem, who sold 32 million albums. Other popular hip hop artists included Jay-Z, Nas, Kanye West, Ludacris, Common, Ja Rule, Mos Def, DMX, Missy Elliot, OutKast, Lil John, Fat Joe, Cam'ron, Pharrell, Gorillaz, Snoop Dogg, Twista, 50 Cent, Nelly, Lil Wayne, T.I. and The Game. The genre was extremely diverse stylistically, including subgenres such as gangsta rap and crunk. Many hip hop albums were released to widespread critical acclaim.

R&B also gained prominence throughout the decade, and included popular artists such as Usher, Akon, Black Eyed Peas, R. Kelly, Amy Winehouse, Mary J. Blige, John Legend and others.

For Latin music Shakira dominated the charts with the highly successful Fijación Oral, Vol. 1 being the 2nd best selling Spanish album of all-time and the best selling Spanish album of the 2000s being 11x platinum to date.

Billboard magazine named Eminem as the artist with the best performance on the Billboard charts and named Beyoncé as the female artist of the decade.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> In the UK, the biggest selling artist of the decade is Robbie Williams*and the biggest selling band of the decade is Westlife. American recording artist Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009, creating the global largest public mourning since the death of Diana, Princess of Wales in 1997.<ref name="Allen">Allen, Nick. "Michael Jackson memorial service: the biggest celebrity send-off of all time". The Daily Telegraph, July 7, 2009. Template:Webarchive</ref><ref name="Scott">Scott, Jeffry. "Jackson memorial second most-watched in TV history" Template:Webarchive. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, July 8, 2009.</ref><ref name="Hinckley">Hinckley, David and Richard Huff. "Michael Jackson's memorial 2nd most-watched funeral ever, after Princess Di, say Nielsen ratings". New York Daily News, July 8, 2009.{{

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}}</ref> On August 25, 2001, Aaliyah Haughton – an American recording artist, dancer, actress and model and eight others, were killed in an airplane crash in The Bahamas after filming the music video for the single "Rock the Boat". On April 25, 2002, Lisa Lopes an American: rapper, dancer, and singer-songwriter, best known as a member of the R&B/hip-hop girl group TLC by her stage name Left Eye, was killed in a car crash in La Ceiba, Honduras. On October 30, 2002, Jason William Mizell (Jam Master Jay) of the hip hop group Run-D.M.C was shot and killed in a Merrick Boulevard recording studio in Jamaica, Queens. On December 25, 2006, James Brown – an American recording artist known as the "Godfather of Soul", died of pneumonia at the age of 73. On September 12, 2003, Johnny Cash – an American musician known as the "Man in Black", died of diabetes at the age of 71. On June 10, 2004, Ray Charles – an American musician and one of the pioneers of soul music, died of liver failure at the age of 73. On November 29, 2001, George Harrison – an English musician best known of the guitarist of the Beatles, died of lung cancer at the age of 58. Innovator, inventor, performer and guitar virtuoso Les Paul also died on August 12, 2009, at the age of 94. In 2002, Robbie Williams signed a record-breaking £80 million contract with EMI.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> So far it is the biggest music deal in British history.

In alternative rock, the garage rock revival and post-punk revival entered the mainstream, with bands such as The Strokes, Interpol, The Killers, Arctic Monkeys and The White Stripes seeing commercial success. Other genres such as post-grunge, post-Britpop, nu metal, pop punk, post-hardcore, metalcore, and, in particular, emo rock, also achieved notability during the decade. Indie rock saw a proliferation in the 2000s with numerous bands experiencing commercial success, including Modest Mouse, TV on the Radio, Franz Ferdinand, Death Cab for Cutie, Arcade Fire, The Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Vampire Weekend, Bloc Party, LCD Soundsystem, The Shins, Wilco and many more.

The 2000s gave rise to a new trend in music production with the growing use of auto-tune. The effect was first popularized in the early 2000s by Eiffel 65 with their 1998 hit song "Blue (Da Ba Dee)", which came to global prominence in 2000. It was also used in certain tracks off critically acclaimed 2001 albums from Daft Punk (with Discovery) and Radiohead (with Amnesiac).<ref name="nytimes.com" /> By 2008, auto-tune was part of the music mainstream with artists such as Lil Wayne, T-Pain and Kanye West utilizing it in their hit albums Tha Carter III, Three Ringz and 808s & Heartbreak respectively. Towards the end of the decade, electronic dance music began to dominate western charts (as it would proceed to in the following decade), and in turn helped contribute to a diminishing amount of rock music in the mainstream.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Hip hop music also saw a decline in the mainstream in the late 2000s because of electronic music's rising popularity.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

According to The Guardian, music styles during the 2000s changed very little from how they were in the latter half of the 1990s.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The 2000s had a profound impact on the condition of music distribution. Recent advents in digital technology have fundamentally altered industry and marketing practices as well as players in unusual rapidity.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{

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}}</ref> According to Nielsen Soundscan, by 2009 CDs accounted for 79 percent of album sales, with 20 percent coming from digital, representing both a 10 percent drop and gain for both formats in 2 years.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Grime is a style of music that emerged from Bow, East London, England in the early 2000s, primarily as a development of UK garage, drum & bass, hip hop and dancehall. Pioneers of the style include English rappers Dizzee Rascal, Wiley, Roll Deep and Skepta.

Michael Jackson's final album, Invincible, released on October 30, 2001, and costing $30m to record, was the most expensive record ever made.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The general socio-political fallout of Iraq War also extended to popular music. In July 2002, the release of English musician George Michael's song "Shoot the Dog" proved to be controversial. It was critical of George W. Bush and Tony Blair in the lead up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The video showed a cartoon version of Michael astride a nuclear missile in the Middle East and Tony and Cherie Blair in bed with President Bush. The Dixie Chicks are an American country music band. During a London concert ten days before the 2003 invasion of Iraq, lead vocalist Maines said, "we don't want this war, this violence, and we're ashamed that the President of the United States [George W. Bush] is from Texas".<ref>Film:Shut up and Sing</ref> The positive reaction to this statement from the British audience contrasted with the boycotts that ensued in the U.S., where "the band was assaulted by talk-show conservatives",<ref name="Toronto" /> while their albums were discarded in public protest.<ref name="Toronto">Template:Cite news</ref> The original music video for the title song from American pop singer Madonna's American Life album was banned as music television stations thought that the video, featuring violence and war imagery, would be deemed unpatriotic since America was then at war with Iraq. She also made her widely considered "comeback" album with her tenth studio album Confessions on a Dance Floor which topped the charts worldwide in a record 40 countries. As of 2016 the album has sold more than 11 million copies worldwide. Madonna also made history by completing her Sticky & Sweet Tour which became the highest-grossing tour by a female artist and the tenth highest-grossing tour by an artist during 2008–2009.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Live 8 was a string of benefit concerts that took place on July 2, 2005, in the G8 states and in South Africa. They were timed to precede the G8 conference and summit held at the Gleneagles Hotel in Auchterarder, Scotland from July 6 to 8, 2005; they also coincided with the 20th anniversary of Live Aid. Run in support of the aims of the UK's Make Poverty History campaign and the Global Call for Action Against Poverty, ten simultaneous concerts were held on July 2 and one on July 6. On July 7, the G8 leaders pledged to double 2004 levels of aid to poor nations from US$25 billion to US$50 billion by the year 2010. Half of the money was to go to Africa. More than 1,000 musicians performed at the concerts, which were broadcast on 182 television networks and 2,000 radio networks.<ref name="yahoo1">{{

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In November 2006, the Rolling Stones' 'A Bigger Bang' tour was declared the highest-grossing tour of all time, earning $437 million.

In December 2009, a campaign was launched on Facebook by Jon and Tracy Morter, from South Woodham Ferrers, which generated publicity in the UK and took the 1992 Rage Against the Machine track "Killing in the Name" to the Christmas Number One slot in the UK Singles Chart, which had been occupied the four consecutive years from 2005 by winners from the TV show The X Factor. Rage's Zack de la Rocha spoke to BBC1 upon hearing the news, stating that:

"...We want to thank everyone that participated in this incredible, organic, grass-roots campaign. It says more about the spontaneous action taken by young people throughout the UK to topple this very sterile pop monopoly."

During the late 2000s, a new wave of chiptune culture took place. This new culture has much more emphasis on live performances and record releases than the demoscene and tracker culture, of which the new artists are often only distantly aware.<ref>Template:Cite thesis</ref>

Country pop saw continued success from the revival period of the 1990s, with new artists like Carrie Underwood and Taylor Swift bringing global appeal to the genre in the second-half of the decade.

Much of the 2000s in hip hop was characterized as the "bling era", referring to the material commodities that were popular from the early-to-mid part of the decade. However, by the end of the decade, an antecedent emotional rap subgenre gained prominence, with musical projects like Kanye West's fourth studio album 808s & Heartbreak (2008), Kid Cudi's debut album Man on the Moon: The End of Day (2009), and Drake's career catalyzing mixtape So Far Gone (2009) garnering significant popularity and ushering in a new era of hip hop.

Reunions

The original five members of the English new wave band Duran Duran reunited in the early 2000s.

On February 23, 2003, Simon and Garfunkel reunited to perform in public for the first time in a decade, singing "The Sound of Silence" as the opening act of the Grammy Awards.<ref>{{

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On May 9, 2006, British five-piece vocal pop Take That returned to the recorded music scene after more than ten years of absence, signing with Polydor Records. The band's comeback album, Beautiful World, entered the UK album chart at no. 1.<ref>{{

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On December 10, 2007, English rock band Led Zeppelin reunited for the one-off Ahmet Ertegun Tribute Concert at The O2 Arena in London. According to Guinness World Records 2009, Led Zeppelin set the world record for the "Highest Demand for Tickets for One Music Concert" as 20 million requests for the reunion show were rendered online.<ref>{{

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Film

Bamboozled (2000)
Donnie Darko (2001)
Russian Ark (2002)
Oldboy (2003)
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004)
Caché, (2005)
V for Vendetta (2006)
Funny Games (2007)
Be Kind Rewind (2008)
The Box (2009)

 The economic growth of the 2000s had considerable [[Social sustainability|social]], [[Natural environment|environmental]] and [[Holocene extinction|mass extinction]] consequences, raised demand for diminishing [[Energy and society|energy resources]], and was still vulnerable, as demonstrated by the [[financial crisis of 2007–08]].
-===Music===
+==Music==
-{{See also|2000s in music|2000s in the music industry}}
+In fact, the best-selling musical artist of the decade was the American [[rapping|rapper]] [[Eminem]], who sold 32 million albums. Other popular hip hop artists included [[Jay-Z]], [[Nas]], [[Kanye West]], [[Ludacris]], [[Common (rapper)|Common]], [[Ja Rule]], [[Mos Def]], [[DMX]], [[Missy Elliot]], [[OutKast]], [[Lil John]], [[Fat Joe]], [[Cam'ron]], [[Pharrell]], [[Gorillaz]], [[Snoop Dogg]], [[Twista]], [[50 Cent]], [[Nelly]], [[Lil Wayne]], [[T.I.]] and [[The Game (rapper)|The Game]]. The genre was extremely diverse stylistically, including subgenres such as [[gangsta rap]] and [[crunk]]. Many hip hop albums were released to widespread critical acclaim.
-[[File:Eminem_DJ_Hero.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Eminem]] was the best-selling musical artist of the decade. He sold 32 million albums and won multiple awards, including the [[Academy Award for Best Original Song]] in [[75th Academy Awards|2002]].]]
-[[File:Beyonce.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Beyoncé]], one of the most significant cultural figures and best-selling artists of the decade.]]
-In the 2000s, the Internet allowed consumers unprecedented access to music. The Internet also allowed more artists to distribute music relatively inexpensively and independently without the previously necessary financial support of a record label. Music sales began to decline following the year 2000, a state of affairs generally attributed to unlicensed uploading and downloading of sound files to the Internet, a practice which became more widely prevalent during this time. Business relationships called [[360 deal]]s—an arrangement in which a company provides support for an artist, and, in exchange, the artist pays the company a percentage of revenue earned not only from sales of recorded music, but also live performances and publishing—became a popular response by record labels to the loss of music sales attributed to online copyright infringement.<ref name="usatoday.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2009-12-29-musicdecade29_CV_N.htm| work=USA Today| title=The decade in music: Sales slide, pirates, digital rise| date=December 30, 2009| access-date=December 23, 2011| first1=Edna| last1=Gundersen}}</ref><ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/17/arts/music/new-pop-music-sounds-like-its-predecessors.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all| work=The New York Times| title=The Songs of Now Sound a Lot Like Then| date=July 15, 2011| access-date=December 2, 2011| first1=Simon| last1=Reyonolds| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614122202/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/17/arts/music/new-pop-music-sounds-like-its-predecessors.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all| archive-date=June 14, 2013 }}</ref>
-In the 2000s, [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] reached a commercial peak and heavily influenced various aspects of popular culture and, in general, dominating the musical landscape of the decade.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/page3/story?page=boyd/040818|first=Todd|last=Boyd|title=They're playing bas-ket-ball|publisher=ESPN|date=August 19, 2004|access-date=February 13, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927203643/http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/page3/story?page=boyd%2F040818|archive-date=September 27, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.spin.com/2009/11/myth-no-4-biggie-tupac-are-hip-hops-pillars/| website=Spin| title=MYTH No. 4: Biggie & Tupac Are Hip-Hop's Pillars|date=November 9, 2009|access-date=September 4, 2011| first1=Jon| last1=Caramanica|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207075950/https://www.spin.com/2009/11/myth-no-4-biggie-tupac-are-hip-hops-pillars//|archive-date=December 7, 2013 }}</ref> In fact, the best-selling musical artist of the decade was the American [[rapping|rapper]] [[Eminem]], who sold 32 million albums. Other popular hip hop artists included [[Jay-Z]], [[Nas]], [[Kanye West]], [[Ludacris]], [[Common (rapper)|Common]], [[Ja Rule]], [[Mos Def]], [[DMX]], [[Missy Elliot]], [[OutKast]], [[Lil John]], [[Fat Joe]], [[Cam'ron]], [[Pharrell]], [[Gorillaz]], [[Snoop Dogg]], [[Twista]], [[50 Cent]], [[Nelly]], [[Lil Wayne]], [[T.I.]] and [[The Game (rapper)|The Game]]. The genre was extremely diverse stylistically, including subgenres such as [[gangsta rap]] and [[crunk]]. Many hip hop albums were released to widespread critical acclaim.
 [[R&B]] also gained prominence throughout the decade, and included popular artists such as [[Usher (musician)|Usher]], [[Akon]], [[Black Eyed Peas]], [[R. Kelly]], [[Amy Winehouse]], [[Mary J. Blige]], [[John Legend]] and others.

2000s

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