438 BC
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| Photo: western face of the [[Parthenon]]</small>]] | Photo: western face of the [[Parthenon]]</small>]] | ||
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| + | Year '''438 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Tribunate of Macerinus, Iullus and Cincinnatus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 316 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 438 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. | ||
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| + | == Events == | ||
| + | <onlyinclude> | ||
| + | === By place === | ||
| + | ==== Greece ==== | ||
| + | * The [[Parthenon]] on the [[Acropolis]] at [[Athens]] is completed by [[Ictinus]] and [[Callicrates]] and is consecrated after 9 years of construction. It is dedicated at the [[Panathenaea]] (a festival held in honour of [[Athena]] every four years on the Acropolis). | ||
| + | * The colossal statue of the [[Athena Parthenos]], which [[Phidias]] has made for the Parthenon, is completed and dedicated. It is made of gold and ivory and stands some 12 metres high. | ||
| + | * Telephus, a play by the renowned playwright [[Euripides]], is produced in Athens. This tragedy did not survive to modern times. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Italy ==== | ||
| + | * The city of [[Capua]] falls to the [[Samnites]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === By topic === | ||
| + | ==== Literature ==== | ||
| + | * The [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] playwright [[Euripides]]' play ''[[Alcestis (play)|Alcestis]]'' is performed in the [[Dionysia]], an [[Athens|Athenian]] dramatic festival. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Art ==== | ||
| + | * Three seated Goddesses (possibly Hestia, Dione and Aphrodite), from the east pediment of the [[Parthenon]], are made (finished in [[432 BC]]). They are now kept at The [[British Museum]] in London. | ||
| + | * The [[Ionic order|Ionic]] frieze on the north side of the [[Parthenon]], is created (finished in [[432 BC]]). Parts of this frieze are now preserved in museums in Europe, including the ''Horsemen'' (at the [[British Museum]], London), and the ''Marshals and Young Women'' (now at [[Musée du Louvre]], Paris), which once formed part of the ''Procession'' on the frieze. | ||
| + | </onlyinclude> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Births == | ||
| + | * | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Deaths == | ||
| + | * [[Cincinnatus]], Roman politician, consul and dictator (b. [[519 BC]]) | ||
| - | The '''Parthenon''' is a [[Ancient Greek temple|temple]] on the [[Acropolis of Athens|Athenian Acropolis]], Greece, dedicated to the maiden [[Greek gods|goddess]] [[Athena]], whom the people of Athens considered their patron. Its construction began in [[447 BC|447 BC]] when the [[Athenian Empire]] was at the height of its power. It was completed in [[438 BC|438 BC]], although decoration of the building continued until 432 BC. | ||
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Year 438 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Macerinus, Iullus and Cincinnatus (or, less frequently, year 316 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 438 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
[edit]
Events
[edit]
By place
[edit]
Greece
- The Parthenon on the Acropolis at Athens is completed by Ictinus and Callicrates and is consecrated after 9 years of construction. It is dedicated at the Panathenaea (a festival held in honour of Athena every four years on the Acropolis).
- The colossal statue of the Athena Parthenos, which Phidias has made for the Parthenon, is completed and dedicated. It is made of gold and ivory and stands some 12 metres high.
- Telephus, a play by the renowned playwright Euripides, is produced in Athens. This tragedy did not survive to modern times.
[edit]
Italy
[edit]
By topic
[edit]
Literature
- The Greek playwright Euripides' play Alcestis is performed in the Dionysia, an Athenian dramatic festival.
[edit]
Art
- Three seated Goddesses (possibly Hestia, Dione and Aphrodite), from the east pediment of the Parthenon, are made (finished in 432 BC). They are now kept at The British Museum in London.
- The Ionic frieze on the north side of the Parthenon, is created (finished in 432 BC). Parts of this frieze are now preserved in museums in Europe, including the Horsemen (at the British Museum, London), and the Marshals and Young Women (now at Musée du Louvre, Paris), which once formed part of the Procession on the frieze.
[edit]
Births
[edit]
Deaths
- Cincinnatus, Roman politician, consul and dictator (b. 519 BC)
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "438 BC" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
