1990s subcultures
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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History of subcultures, underground cultures and alternative cultures in the 1990s
The 1990s saw most of the subcultures of the 1980s continuing in some form or another, such as dance music, raves, house music, hip hop, rock music, goth and punk music.
The term Generation X or Gen X was introduced to describe a condition experienced equally by previous generations and presented in a published form by journalists and novelists as if it were a new phenomenon.
One of the main popular technological developments of the 1990s was the World Wide Web. Tim Berners-Lee created HTML, which made the Web possible. Running on top of the older infrastructure of the internet (with its bbs, email and ftp protocols, the web allowed small subcultures to grow into large global online communities. Online gaming communities, online forums, chat rooms and Internet cafes became popular.
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Music
In the UK, the Britpop scene arose, influenced by the 1960s mods, the 1970s/1980s mod revival, and other British rock music styles. Other popular music genres that gained prominence were grunge, drum and bass, house music, rave, techno, trance music, hardcore and electronica. The development of the techno sound in Detroit, Michigan and house music in Chicago, Illinois in the 1980s, and the later UK-based acid house movement of the late 1980s and early 1990s fueled the development and acceptance of electronic music into the mainstream and introduced electronic dance music to nightclubs. Electronic composition can create faster and more precise rhythms than is possible using traditional percussion. The sound of electronic dance music often features electronically altered sounds (samples) of traditional instruments and vocals.
Technology
One of the main popular technological developments of the 1990s was the World Wide Web. Tim Berners-Lee created HTML, which made the Web possible. Running on top of the older infrastructure of the internet (with its bbs, email and ftp protocols, the web allowed small subcultures to grow into large global online communities. Online gaming communities, online forums, chat rooms and Internet cafes became popular.
Anti-globalization
The 1990s saw an increase in anti-globalisation protests. This was a response to the increased impact of globalisation and global capitalism. Tha anti-globalisation protest movement was accompanied by the fair trade movement.
Revivals
Revivals of the 1970s freak scene and 1980s new romantic subculture appeared in Japan. Two fancy dress styles that became common in Japan were Visual kei and Gothic Lolita.
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