1719
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In 1719 (MDCCXIX), French writers Jacques Cazotte and Henri-Joseph Dulaurens and French art historian Baron d'Hancarville are born. Salvator Rosa's satires are first published posthumously and Daniel Defoe publishes Robinson Crusoe, which many see as the first novel.
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Art and culture
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Literature
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Fiction
- April 25 – Daniel Defoe publishes Robinson Crusoe.
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Non-fiction
- La Vie et L'Esprit de Spinosa by anonymous
- Réflexions critiques sur la poésie et sur la peinture by Jean-Baptiste Du Bos
- Alexander Smith published A Complete History of the Lives and Robberies of the Most Notorious Highwaymen
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Visual art
- Gilles (or Pierrot) and Four Other Characters of the Commedia dell'arte by Antoine Watteau
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Music
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Architecture
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Events
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January–June
- January 23 – The Principality of Liechtenstein is created, within the Holy Roman Empire.
- February 3 (January 23 Old Style) – The Riksdag of the Estates recognizes Ulrika Eleonora's claim to the Swedish throne, after she has agreed to sign a new Swedish constitution. Thus, she is recognized as queen regnant of Sweden.
- February 20 – The first Treaty of Stockholm is signed.
- April 19 – In Louisiana (New France), Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville's brother Serigny arrives on a French man-of-war, bringing news that war had been declared between France and Spain (from December 1718).
- April 25 – Daniel Defoe publishes Robinson Crusoe.
- April – The French army under James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick invades the Basque provinces of Spain.
- May 14 – In Louisiana (New France), Bienville, from Mobile, captures Pensacola, but Pensacola is later recaptured by the Spanish, and again re-taken by Bienville.
- June 4 – Battle of Ösel Island: A Russian naval force defeats the Swedish fleet.
- June 10 – Battle of Glen Shiel: British forces defeat the Jacobites and their Spanish allies.
- June 20 – Battle of Francavilla: The Austrians are defeated by the Spanish.
- August – The Swedish coast is devastated by the Imperial Russian Fleet in the Russian Pillage of 1719–21 during the Great Northern War from the summer of 1719 until the Peace of 1721.
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July–December
- December 22 – Andrew Bradford publishes the American Weekly Mercury, Pennsylvania's first newspaper.
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Date unknown
- Prussia conducts Europe's first systematic census.
- Miners in Falun, Sweden find the apparently petrified body of Fet-Mats Israelsson (d. 1677), in an unused part of the copper mine.
- Raine's Foundation School, Bethnal Green (founded by Henry Raine), opens in Wapping, England.
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Births
- January 2 – Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat, French shipbuilder and merchant (d. 1797)
- January 3
- Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian, philologist (d. 1773)
- Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal, Archbishop of Mainz (d. 1802)
- January 17
- William Vernon, American merchant (d. 1806)
- Samuel Enderby, English whale oil merchant known for sponsoring Arctic exploration (d. 1797)
- January 22 – Henry Paget, 2nd Earl of Uxbridge (d. 1769)
- January 23 – John Landen, English mathematician (d. 1790)
- January 28 – Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (d. 1749)
- February 6 – Alberto Pullicino, Maltese painter (d. 1759)
- March 4 – George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot, British governor of Madras (d. 1777)
- March 13 – John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, British field marshal (d. 1797)
- April 2 – Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, German poet (d. 1803)
- April 9 – Sir Edward Blackett, 4th Baronet, English politician (d. 1804)
- April 24 – Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti, Italian literary critic (d. 1789)
- May 30 – Roger Newdigate, English politician, antiquities collector (d. 1806)
- June 28 – Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, French statesman (d. 1785)
- July 4 – Michel-Jean Sedaine, French dramatist (d. 1797)
- August 4 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German mineralogist, geologist (d. 1767)
- August 20
- Christian Mayer, Czech astronomer (d. 1783)
- Charles-François de Broglie, marquis de Ruffec, French soldier, diplomat (d. 1781)
- August 25 – Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo, French painter (d. 1795)
- September 6 – Somerset Hamilton Butler, 1st Earl of Carrick (d. 1754)
- September 11 – Tanuma Okitsugu, Japanese government official (d. 1788)
- September 27 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (d. 1800)
- October 13 – Marco Coltellini, Italian librettist (d. 1777)
- October 17 – Jacques Cazotte, French writer (d. 1792)
- October 20 – Gottfried Achenwall, German statistician (d. 1772)
- November 6 – Louis-Antoine Caraccioli, French writer (d. 1803)
- November 14 – Leopold Mozart, German/Austrian composer, father of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Maria Anna Mozart (Nannerl) (d. 1787)
- November 23 – Spranger Barry, Irish actor (d. 1777)
- November 30 – Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales (d. 1772)
- December 15 – Ludwig IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1790)
- date unknown
- William Bradford, American revolutionary and printer (d. 1791)
- Dominic Serres, French-born painter (d. 1793)
- Thomas Sheridan, Irish actor (d. 1788)
- Marie Marguerite Bihéron, French anatomist (d. 1795)
- Thomas Elfe, successful colonial period furniture craftsman in Charleston, South Carolina (d. 1775)
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Deaths
- January 15 – Tikhon Streshnev, Russian boyar (b. 1649)
- January 16 – Petar Kanavelić, Venetian writer (b. 1637)
- January 17 – Sophie Amalie Moth, royal mistress of King Christian V of Denmark (b. 1654)
- January 27 – Ferdinando d'Adda, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1649)
- March 1 – Richard Ingoldesby, British soldier and colonial governor
- March 19 – Isaac Addington, functionary of the colonial government of Massachusetts (b. 1645)
- April 7 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French educational reformer (b. 1651)
- April 15 – Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon, second wife of Louis XIV of France (b. 1635)
- April 21 – Philippe de La Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1640)
- April 29 – Farrukhsiyar, Mughal Emperor (b. 1683)
- May – Anne-Marguerite Petit du Noyer, French journalist (b. 1663)
- May 17 – Laurentius Christophori Hornæus, Swedish witch hunter (b. 1645)
- May 23 – Lucia Wijbrants, Dutch artist (b. 1638)
- May 29
- Joseph de Jouvancy, French historian (b. 1643)
- Sir Alexander Seton, 1st Baronet, Scottish judge
- May 31 – Edmund Dunch (Whig), English politician (b. 1657)
- June 6 – Louis Ellies Dupin, French ecclesiastical historian (b. 1657)
- June 17 – Joseph Addison, English politician and writer (b. 1672)
- June 23 – Christopher Wandesford, 2nd Viscount Castlecomer, 2nd Viscount Castlecomer and Member of Parliament (b. 1684)
- July 5
- Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, Irish general (b. 1641)
- Samuel Schotten, German rabbi (b. 1644)
- July 17 – Elinor James, British pamphleteer (b. 1644)
- July 22 – Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole, Italian painter and engraver (b. 1654)
- July 28 – Arp Schnitger, German organ builder (b. 1648)
- August 5 – Date Tsunamura, Japanese daimyō at the center of the Date Sōdō (b. 1659)
- August 8 – Christoph Ludwig Agricola, German painter (b. 1667)
- August 11 – Leonard Goffiné, German Catholic priest and writer (b. 1648)
- September 7 – John Harris, English writer (b. c.1666)
- September 8 – Carlo Cignani, Italian painter of the Bolognese and the Forlivese school (b. 1628)
- September 21 – Johann Heinrich Acker, German writer (b. 1647)
- September 27 – George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662)
- September 29 – Jean Orry, French economist (b. 1652)
- October 14 – Arnold Houbraken, Dutch painter (b. 1660)
- October 27 – François Baert, Belgian hagiographer (b. 1651)
- November 8 – Michel Rolle, French mathematician (b. 1652)
- December 2 – Pasquier Quesnel, French Jansenist theologian (b. 1634)
- December 3 – Adriaen Frans Boudewijns, Landscape painter (b. 1644)
- November 26 – John Hudson, English classical scholar (b. 1662)
- November 30 – Yamamoto Tsunetomo, Japanese samurai (b. 1659)
- December 28 – Jacob Bobart the Younger, English botanist (b. 1641)
- December 29 – Infante Philip of Spain, Spanish infante (b. 1712)
- December 31 – John Flamsteed, English astronomer (b. 1646)
- date unknown
- Robert Clicquot, French organ builder (b. 1645)
- Benjamin Hornigold, English pirate (b. 1680)
- André Raison, French composer and organist (b. 1650)
- Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt, Swedish general (b. 1659)
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